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Magazine Vol

Article 305: Handala and the Cartoons of Naji al-Ali, By: Dr. Fayeq Oweis – Part I
Posted By Hasan A. Yahya, Ph.Ds- Dryahyatv from USA.
On Friday, 18 May 2007, there was an exhibit being held in commemoration of the 20th anniversary of Naji al-Ali's assassination. The cartoons have been generously provided by his son, Khalid al-Ali. The late Palestinian cartoonist, Naji al-Ali, produced over 40,000 cartoons satirizing the powers that be in the Middle East. Emerging from humble beginnings in the refugee camps, for over 30 years he was an uncompromising critic of a regressive Arab political culture and of Western intervention in Arab affairs. As one of the most popular artists in the Arab world, he was loved for his defense of ordinary people and for his criticism of despotism and repression. His unrelenting cartoons exposed the brutality of the Israeli army and earned him many powerful enemies. He developed a stark, symbolic style in his work and is perhaps best known as creator of the character Handala, who has since become an icon of Palestinian struggle and steadfastness. Al-Ali was killed on July 22, 1987 by an unknown assassin as he left the London offices of Al Qabas newspaper.
I was living in the late sixties and seventies of last century at Kuwait, al-Qabas Newspaper was a new in town, caricatures of Naji al-Ali were amazing in reflecting most Palestinians aspirations for an Arab unity to restore Palestine and return refugees scattered in several Arab countries. Fortunately, I left to the United States to pursue my studies at Michigan State on my own expense, with no assistance from any political or social party. As a Palestinian, I have my own understanding came from a farmer like origins in the rural area of Palestine. Our family was never attended a refugee camp. My Grandmother always finds her relatives in the near villages to our town: Majdal al-Sadiq or Majdal Yafa, Therefore, we left to Kufr Qasim for one year, then all new comers were ordered to leave the town. In Mas-ha our family lived for six years, as refugees, but not in a camp. We left Mas-ha to Zarka, Jordan in 1956, and lived away from the refugee Camp, and survived dependent life by my father and eldest brother. After High School graduation from Zarka Secondary School in 1963, I worked at the Ministry of Education as a substitute teacher for three and half years. In 1966 I accepted a job at Kuwait Ministry of Information. Naji al-Ali and I were in Kuwait. I will leave the post now to talk about Naji. The best I found is this article describes the symbol and the artist, titled: Handala (حنظلة ) and the Cartoons of Naji al-AliBy: Dr. Fayeq Oweis. While the article is too long, I tried to divide it into seven parts, each serves one aspect of Naji's works and genre. One more point about Dr. Fayeq Oweis, he is an Arab American artist and professor of Arabic Language and Culture at Santa Clara University, California. He has a Ph.D. in interdisciplinary studies with a focus on Arabic and Islamic arts and has published extensively and gave numerous presentations on Arabic Language and Culture, Islamic Arts and Arabic Calligraphy, and Arab American Artists. His presentation, delivered in conjunction with the exhibit, will explore the relevance, characters and symbols of Naji al-Ali's work. (Hasan Yahya)
Who is Naji Al-Ali?Naji Salim Husain Al-Ali was born in 1937 in the northern Palestinian village of al-Shajarah, located between Nazareth and the Sea of Galilee. It is believed that al-Shajarah, ("the tree" in Arabic) acquired its name because Jesus Christ rested under a tree in there. Al-Ali was born into a poor family of farmers, who, like the rest of Palestinian society, owned extensive land and groves. During the Nakba or catastrophe of 1948, al-Shajarah was destroyed by Israel, along with over 480 Palestinian villages whose population fled and took refuge in the surrounding countries or in refugee camps in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Naji al-Ali was 11 years old when his family was forced to leave and travel north to Lebanon, where they settled in the refugee camp of Ein al-Hilwah near the city of Sidon in southern Lebanon. Al-Ali's childhood in the refugee camp, lacking in resources or opportunities, nurtured his awareness of the Palestinian refugee situation and engaged him in the Palestinian struggle. He longed to express his feelings and thoughts artistically, but struggled with how to do so within the walls of the refugee camp.
In the refugee camp's school, he began to draw and received encouragement from his teachers. In 1957, al-Ali traveled to Saudi Arabia to earn money towards a formal arts education. In 1959, when he returned to Lebanon, he became involved in the Arab Nationalist movement and was arrested several times. He entered the Art Academy of Lebanon, but was unable to continue his studies there after being imprisoned for his political activities. In one interview, al-Ali recalled, "I started to use drawing as a form of political expression while in Lebanese jails. I was detained by the Lebanese intelligence service as a result of the measures they were undertaking to contain political activities in the Palestinian refugee camps during the sixties."
Ghassan Kanafani, a writer and prominent figure in the development of the art and literature of the Palestinian resistance movement, has been credited for "discovering" Naji al-Ali's talents. He encouraged al-Ali by publishing some of his drawings in al-Hurriyya magazine, the voice of the Arab Nationalist Movement, of which Kanafani was the editor. The publication of his cartoons was a turning point in Naji al-Ali's life and in his artistic career as a political cartoonist.
In 1963, he traveled to Kuwait and worked for al-Talii'a newspaper and in 1968 he started working for al-Siyyasa newspaper where he introduced his signature character, Handala. In 1971, al-Ali went back to Beirut and worked for al-Safeer newspaper. He published his first book of cartoons in 1976. In 1979, Naji al-Ali was elected president of the League of Arab Cartoonists. He was the recipient of the first prize in the Arab cartoonists exhibitions held in Damascus in 1977 and 1980.
Forced to leave Beirut in 1983, he went to Kuwait and worked for al-Qabas newspaper. In 1985 he was forced to leave Kuwait to London and in July 22, 1987, he was shot outside the offices of al-Qabas, and remained unconscious until his death on August 29, 1987. The assassin's identity remains unknown. The New York Times said of his work "if you want to know what the Arabs think of the U.S., look at Naji Al-Ali's cartoons." Time magazine said "this man draws with human bones" while a Japanese newspaper said "Naji al-Ali draws with phosphoric acid." In 1988, the International Federation of Newspaper Publishers awarded Naji al-Ali the Golden Pen Award posthumously and described him as "one of the best cartoonists since the 18th century."
References and Resources:
Al-Asadi, Abdu and Tadmuri, Kholud. A Study in the Creativity of Naji al-Ali [in Arabic]. Dar il-Kunuuz al-Adabiyya, Beirut, Lebanon: 1994
Al-Ali, Naji. The Cartoons of Naji al-Ali [in Arabic] Forwarded by Mahmoud Darwish. Beirut, Lebanon: 1976.
Ibrahim, Daoud. Encyclopedia of Naji al-Ali Cartoons, Vol. 1: The Man and the Revolutionary [in Arabic]. Palestinian Publishing Institute, Ramallah, Palestine: 2003
Ibrahim, Daoud. Naji al-Ali, the Life and Death of a Palestinian Artist [in Arabic]. Yarmouk Publishing Institute, Ramallah, Palestine: 1988.
Idris Samah (Ed.). Sihr ilKkaraama [The Magic of Dignity – in Arabic], Al-Adab Magazine. Vol. 50 # 9-10. Beirut, Lebanon: 2002
Kallam, Mahmoud Abdallah. Naji al-Ali, The Whole of Palestine: That is why they killed me [in Arabic] Bisan Publishing, Beirut, Lebanon: 2001
Web sites:
http://knol.google.com/k/handala-and-the-cartoons-of-naji-al-ali#
About the Author
Professor, Dr. Hasan A. Yahya is an Arab American writer, scholar, and professor of Sociology lives in the United States of America, originally from Palestine. He graduated from Michigan State University with 2 Ph.d degrees. He published 65 books plus (45 Arabic and 20 English), and 315 plus articles on sociology, religion, psychology, politics, poetry, and short stories. Philosophically, his writings concern logic, justice and human rights worldwide. Dr. Yahya is the author of Crescentologism: The Moon Theory, and Islam Finds its Way, on Amazon. He's an expert on Race Relations, Arab and Islamic cultures, he is also, interested in religion, world affairs and global strategic planning for justice and human rights. www.dryahyatv.com
Find a buyer who will buy a old vanity fair magazine from 1935.?
About the magazine Vanity fair september 1935. The conde nast publications inc. Boston post road greenwich,conn. Editorial office graybar bldg located at Lexington 43rd. Vol No 45, No 1
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